CYP2B6 and malaria: The human cytochrome P450 2B6 enzyme (CYP2B6) plays a pivotal role in the metabolism of different drugs used for malaria treatment (artemisinin derivatives such as artesunate, β-artemether and artemether) and for HIV life-long therapy (non-nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors such as efavirenz and nevirapine).