At the level of the midgut epithelium, this immune response is largely due to the Immune-deficiency (Imd) pathway, which is induced upon detection of the bacterial cell wall peptidoglycan by Peptidoglycan Recognition Protein (PGRP) LC and positively regulated by PGRPLA [15–17]. Here, PGLYRP1 is linked to hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia, familial, 4.