GNRI < 90 (OR = 4.17; 95% CI = 1.79–9.71), male sex (OR = 3.29; 95% CI = 1.27–8.53), serum phosphate (OR = 1.71; 95% CI = 1.18–2.47), and HD vintage (OR = 0.99; 95% CI = 0.98–0.99) were selected as independent risk factors for an ACI progression rate greater than the 75th percentile, after accounting for confounders of aortic calcification progression such as age, DMN, current smoking, HTN, i-PTH, and corrected calcium level (Fig. 5). The gene discussed is PTH; the disease is hypertensive disorder.