10 of the significantly enriched pathways including “cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction”, “malaria”, “hematopoietic cell lineage”, “transcriptional misregulation in cancer”, “Jak-STAT signaling pathway”, “TNF signaling pathway”, “rheumatoid arthritis”, “AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications”, “toll-like receptor signaling pathway”, and “legionellosis” were identical between RGV and ADRV infected groups at 1 dpi. Here, TNF is linked to malaria.