This includes cancer types not obviously associated with inflammation and involves characteristic factors such as tissue remodeling, angiogenesis, tissue infiltration of leukocytes, predominance of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), and an increased presence of cytokines (tumor necrosis factor [TNF], interleukin [IL]-1, IL-6) and chemokines (CCL2 and CXCL8). Here, TNF is linked to cancer.