The core response includes numerous key genes known to be involved in the innate immune response against pathogenic mycobacteria such as: CCL20 [75]; IL18, which limits the growth of M. tuberculosis in human macrophages [76–78]; anti-inflammatory IL10 [79]; and NOS2, polymorphisms of which are associated with susceptibility of Holstein cattle to bovine TB [80] (Fig. 4c). The gene discussed is NOS2; the disease is tuberculosis.