Transcriptional signals associated with the NLRP3 inflammasome were higher in M. bovis AF2122/97-infected macrophages at 48 h p.i. along with the increased expression of CASP4, an NLRP3 inflammasome activator, which has a central role in mediating the response to Legionella, Yersinia and Salmonella bacterial infections in primary human macrophages and that has been found upregulated in the necrotic granuloma model of mice and lymph nodes of TB patients [92, 117–119]. This evidence concerns the gene CASP4 and tuberculosis.