PIK3CD and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Excessive (and perhaps dysregulated) neutrophil PI3K activation has been linked to airway damage in COPD (42), and inhibition of PI3K (using pan-PI3K inhibitors or inhibitors selective for PI3Kδ or PI3Kγ) was able to restore neutrophil migratory accuracy in both COPD and in the elderly (42, 43).