Studies reported that radiation improvesantitumor response to immunotherapy through several mechanisms: enhancement of themajor histocompatibility complex class I, expression of calreticulin and factor forsurface apoptosis signals; activation of dendritic cells; enhanced cross-presentationof tumor antigens; increased density of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes; changes inexpression of immune checkpoint molecules; and modulation of Treg cell populations(101). The gene discussed is CALR; the disease is neoplasm.