CCL2 and pulmonary arterial hypertension: Through these two mechanisms, genes targeted by PPAR-γ encode many of the proteins implicated in the pathogenesis of PAH, such as adioponectin, endothelin – 1 (ET-1), monocyte chemotactic protein – 1 (MCP-1), interleukin – 6 (IL-6), and asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA, an endothelial nitric oxide synthase inhibitor), among others [63].