As mice on the LP/HC diet consumed nearly twice as much carbohydrate as CON mice and about 50% more than LP/HF-fed mice, we hypothesise that a high carbohydrate load together with a relatively high dietary fat content (33 kJ%) has severe glucolipotoxic effects that cannot be prevented by FGF21 and enhanced energy expenditure. The gene discussed is FGF21; the disease is hydrops fetalis.