EIF2AK3 and postpartum depression: While there is some evidence for a possible antidepressant effect of ERα, for example, injections of an ERα agonist have been shown to mitigate postpartum depression-like responses in rats with resulting changes in BDNF and pERK signaling29, our study identifies transcriptional regulation of numerous downstream targets (Fig. 5) as the basis of ERα action.