In the 10 COPD patients whose blood were sampled again after 1-year treatment, serum LXA4 levels showed reduction (2.6 ± 0.8 vs. 1.2 ± 0.8 ng/ml, p = 0.004, Fig. 4g), and RvD1 levels showed elevation (1163.2 ± 753.9 vs. 366.7 ± 181.8, p = 0.01, Fig. 4h), while levels of the other three FPR ligands did not change significantly. The gene discussed is FPR1; the disease is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.