Although this pathway is implicated in the pancreatic β cell destruction in T1D and serum CXCL10 is considered a biomarker of T1D in adult humans [43], to our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of CXCL10/CXCR3 upregulation in the hippocampus due to hyperglycemia. This evidence concerns the gene CXCL10 and type 1 diabetes mellitus.