TLR9 and Granuloma: However, although TLR9 was associated with granuloma in the dermis of cutaneous lesions of patients with LCL caused by L. (V. ) braziliensis, experiments with TLR9_/_mice infected with the same parasite species showed that TLR9 signaling is important for early control of lesion development and parasite burdens, but is dispensable for the differentiation of Th1 cells secreting IFN-γ [17].