RHOA and cardiac hypertrophy: As a major downstream effector of RhoA, ROCK promotes actin-myosin-mediated contractile force generation by phosphorylating a variety of downstream target proteins and thus plays an important role in many cardiovascular pathogeneses, such as arterial hypertension, atherosclerosis, heart attack, vascular remodeling, and myocardial hypertrophy [32, 33].