NCAM1 and large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma: As the definition of LCNEC in the WHO classification, the diagnosis of LCNEC requires not only neuroendocrine morphology but also immunohistochemical expression of at least one of the three neuroendocrine markers, i.e., CHGA (chromogranin A), SYP (synaptophysin), or NCAM1 (CD56).