Thus, the cell–cell interactions between inflammatory cells and TMJSCs, which was mediated by a soluble factor such as MCP-1 or adhesive molecules such as ICAM-1 and LFA-1 on the surface of TMJSCs and inflammatory cells, respectively, possibly exacerbates the symptoms of synovitis or promotes its transition to chronic inflammation in TMJ. This evidence concerns the gene ITGAL and synovitis.