Thus, the cell–cell interactions between inflammatory cells and TMJSCs, which was mediated by a soluble factor such as MCP-1 or adhesive molecules such as ICAM-1 and LFA-1 on the surface of TMJSCs and inflammatory cells, respectively, possibly exacerbates the symptoms of synovitis or promotes its transition to chronic inflammation in TMJ. Here, ICAM1 is linked to synovitis.