1990). Brazilian studies in the early 2000s suggested that a specific variant R337h located on the TP53 gene is particularly frequent in the south of the country, with a purported prevalence of 1 in 300 in these regions. It has been initially associated with a range of rare childhood cancers and subsequently with more common adult cancers, including breast cancer (Giacomazzi et al. 2014). The gene discussed is TP53; the disease is breast cancer.