PARP1 and neoplasm: In addition, Western blot data of PC3 tumor tissues demonstrated that levels of p‐ERK1/2, p‐FOXO1(S256), and CyclinD1 were all down‐regulated by the treatment of CFF‐1, whereas protein levels of c‐Caspase 3, c‐PARP‐1, and LC3‐II were up‐regulated by the treatment of CFF‐1 (Fig. 8D).