NLRP3 and atherosclerosis: In addition, NLRP3 inflammasome can sense some host‐derived “danger signals”, including monosodium urate crystals (MSU), cholesterol crystals, amyloid‐β aggregates, unsaturated fatty acids, high glucose, and ceramide, to promote chronic inflammation and contribute to the development of human complex diseases, including gout, atherosclerosis, neurodegenerative diseases, and type 2 diabetes (T2D) (Martinon et al, 2006; Duewell et al, 2010; Masters et al, 2010; Zhou et al, 2010; Wen et al, 2011; Heneka et al, 2012; Lamkanfi & Dixit, 2012).