PPARG and diabetes mellitus: Although no associations were found between UCP2/UCP3 and diabetes in GWAS, some studies referred that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG, related to diabetes confirmed in GWAS) interacted with Forkhead box protein O1 (FOXO1) to regulate the expression of UCP2 and rs659366 of UCP2 is unlikely to be identified through a GWAS strategy because it occurs predominantly in already diabetic subjects [12–14].