The results showed that T1D progression in high-risk HLA carriers was best predicted by a collection of 8 genes (ERBB3, IFIH1, PTPN22, CLEC16A, CTLA4, SH2B3, IL18RAP, and COBL) rather than all 12 SNPs. This evidence concerns the gene PTPN22 and type 1 diabetes mellitus.