In this respect it is noteworthy that multiple Mtmr2 mutations – including those affecting its activity (Berger et al., 2002) – have been implicated in Charcot-Marie-Tooth type 4B1 (CMT4B1) disease, a peripheral neuropathy characterized by abnormalities in myelination and nerve conduction (Bolino et al., 2004; Bolis et al., 2005; Bonneick et al., 2005). The gene discussed is MTMR2; the disease is peripheral neuropathy.