For example, we have previously shown the importance of CyPJ expression in HCC; CyPJ inactivation by CsA- or siRNA-based CyPJ knockdown diminished HCC tumor cell growth in vitro and in vivo, demonstrating CyPJ was capable of initiating tumorigenesis of HCC (Chen et al., 2015). The gene discussed is PPIL3; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.