p-ELK1 was positive in 21 (25.3%) of 83 benign urothelial tissues (17 (20.5%) weak (1+) and 4 (4.8%) moderate (2+)) and 47 (47.5%) of 99 urothelial neoplasms (37 (37.4%) 1+ and 10 (10.1%) 2+). Here, ELK1 is linked to urothelial neoplasm.