STAT3 and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: STAT3, a crucial gene in progression of HNSCC, has been previously suggested to up‐regulate miR‐21, in a NF‐κB‐dependent form of IL‐6 up‐regulation.34 Our data from immunofluorescence assay demonstrated that the acidic bile‐induced activated STAT3 and NF‐κB were inhibited by NF‐κB inhibitor in treated HHPC (Figure 6).