In familial Mediterranean fever (FMF), ex vivo LPS-stimulated PBMCs and monocytes produce more IL-1α and β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-12, IL-18, and TNFα, and in non-stimulated PBMCs higher production of IL-6 and TNFα was found (226–230), and also expression of CD11b was increased (231). This evidence concerns the gene TNF and familial Mediterranean fever.