During the preparation of this manuscript, Mlcochova et al. reported that the topoisomerase inhibitor etoposide (ETO) leads to SAMHD1 dephosphorylation, blocks HIV-1 infection in MDMs and is rescued by SAMHD1 depletion49, consistent with our findings with damage induced by NCS. This evidence concerns the gene SAMHD1 and HIV-1 infection.