These new results, along with our previous results, are in accordance with in vitro research experiments by Hamasaki and his group, which made evident that ERW neutralizes ROS, in a very similar process to the action of SOD and CAT enzymes.53 As GERD is characterized by excessive production of free radicals in the GI system exceeding the endogenous system's capability to neutralize and eliminate them, we conclude that oxidative stress should be modulated to maintain cellular homeostasis. Here, SOD1 is linked to gastroesophageal reflux disease.