Transgenic mice subjected to the fungal asthma model also responded with elevated cytokines (both canonical TH2 and TH1), but interestingly, MN-pretreated transgenic mice had a further increase in IL-4 and IL-1β compared to untreated transgenics, while this impact was not observed for IL-5 and TNFα (Figure 6). Here, IL4 is linked to asthma.