ICAM1 and left ventricular hypertrophy: These pathophysiological factors can lead to coronary vasoconstriction, hypertension, left ventricular hypertrophy, reduced heart rate variability, endothelial dysfunction, platelet activation, hypercoagulability, and the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, intercellular adhesion molecule-1).