Key areas in insulin therapy discussed in the guidelines include insulin regimen in patients with T1DM, a stepwise approach to insulin initiation, titration, and intensification in patients with T2DM, self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG), awareness and management of hypoglycemia, weight gain with intensive insulin therapy, and the role of psychosocial aspects associated with insulin therapy in diabetes care. This evidence concerns the gene INS and type 1 diabetes mellitus.