MAP4K3 and autoimmune disease: MAP4K3, also known as germinal-center kinase-like kinase, is a member of the Ste20 sub-family of MAPKs7 and has been implicated in autoimmune disease via activation of protein kinase C-θ8, activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) to promote apoptosis7, and the amino acid-stimulated activation of the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1), a multi-protein subunit complex consisting of the catalytic mTOR subunit, mLST8, DEPTOR, the Tti1–Tel2 complex, Raptor, and PRAS409.