The FOXO4 and TCF3 gene sets both had the minimum p-values of 4.5∗10-5 and 5.3∗10-5 in Study 7, which measured gene expressions in blood samples from healthy, T1D and T2D individuals, and in Study 18, which measured expressions in pancreatic tissue samples from T2D and non-diabetic individuals, respectively. This evidence concerns the gene TCF3 and type 1 diabetes mellitus.