While our results represent the first functional characterization of the Nlgn3 promoter, we note that Nlgn1 and Nlgn2 have already been predicted by bioinformatics approaches as potential β-catenin target genes.78 Accordingly, activation of the signaling cascade by the chemical compound curcumin has been shown to effectively enhance Nlgn1 expression in endogenous neural stem cells.114 Interestingly, curcumin has shown anti- inflammatory and antioxidant properties and is being considered as a therapeutic option in cancer and various prevalent neurological disorders, including ASD.115–117. The gene discussed is NLGN1; the disease is cancer.