Researchers in malaria at the Jenner Institute (University of Oxford, Oxford, UK) have demonstrated that a heterologous prime-boost immunization regimen using a replication-deficient chimpanzee adenovirus 63 (ChAd63) and modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) increased the number of antigen-specific CD8+ T cells, improving the protective efficacy in mouse and macaque models28–30. Here, CD8A is linked to malaria.