Sanders et al. recently showed [127], in fibroblasts from human patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and in mouse lung fibroblasts after bleomycin injury, that TGF-β1 exerts an inhibitory action on CAV-1 expression by lowering the binding of the transcription-enhancing histone mark H3K4M3 to the promoter site of CAV-1. The gene discussed is CAV1; the disease is pulmonary fibrosis.