Besides a decrease in potassium excretion by the kidneys (as seen in chronic kidney disease (CKD) or ESRD and often made worse by medications such as inhibitors of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS)), hyperkalaemia may also be exacerbated by an abnormal redistribution between the intracellular and extracellular space and by increased dietary potassium intake [3,4]. This evidence concerns the gene REN and chronic kidney disease.