Interestingly, thioredoxin reductase 1 (Txnrd1) can also reduce the oxidative stress during IBD as well as impact the gut microbiome through reduction of tetrathionate, which bacteria such as Salmonella are able to utilize as a means as outgrowing other bacteria in the gut, to thiosulfate [55]. The gene discussed is TXNRD1; the disease is inflammatory bowel disease.