ASCL1 and polyarteritis nodosa: We hypothesized that NeuroD1, which is necessary for PAN development (Ma et al., 1998; Liu et al., 2000; Kim et al., 2001; Bell et al., 2008; Evsen et al., 2013) and is sufficient to induce neurons from embryonic cochlear non-sensory epithelial cells (Puligilla et al., 2010), together with Ascl1, could induce glutamatergic PAN-like neurons from SGNNCs.