Genetic mutations in the E3 ligases LRSAM1, FBXO7 (PARK 15), and PARK2 (Figure 1 and Supplementary Table 1) have been identified in Parkinson disease (Wu et al., 2005; Choi et al., 2008; Lohmann et al., 2015; Aerts et al., 2016). This evidence concerns the gene PRKN and Parkinson disease.