As shown in Fig. 1, serum AFP as well as urine mRASSF1A, mGSTP1, and TP53 249 T had statistically significantly higher levels in the HCC group as compared to the non-HCC group (Wilcoxon rank sum test p < 0.0001 for all 4 biomarkers). This evidence concerns the gene TP53 and hepatocellular carcinoma.