TP53 and central nervous system cancer: The most frequent genetic alterations associated with glioma initiation and progression include mutation of isocitrate dehydrogenase 1/2 (IDH1/2) [27], co-deletion of chromosomes 1p and 19q (1p/19q co-deletion) [28], p53 mutation [21] and EGFR amplification or mutation [21, 29].