INS and Hyperglycemia: The discordance between these glycemic measures may be explained by the fact that (1) A1c is a more stable estimate of glycemic exposure than fasting glucose, (2) an intervention that increases PA may disproportionately improve postprandial hyperglycemia over fasting hyperglycemia because of improvements in muscle insulin sensitivity, and (3) unlike fasting glucose, A1c results are not influenced by recent carbohydrate exposure and/or participant adherence to an 8-hour fast.