EGFR and non-small cell lung carcinoma: More recently, targeted therapies (eg, those targeting epidermal growth factor receptor [EGFR] gene mutations or anaplastic lymphoma kinase [ALK] translocations) have produced superior effects compared with chemotherapies for first-line management of advanced mutated NSCLC, but only small specific subtypes of NSCLC patients benefit from such treatments [2–4].