PGA4 and neoplasm: To confirm the obtained chip array results, quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) was performed for selected overexpressed (MMP7, SPARC and TIMP1) and downregulated (CHGA, KRT20, GIF, AKR1C2 and PGA4) genes by comparing tumor and non-tumor tissues in a larger subset of Brazilian patients (n = 17).