Patients needed to be insulin resistant or to have either T2DM, impaired glucose tolerance (IGT, defined as a glucose level above a predetermined cutoff, commonly 140 mg/dl, for 120 min after ingestion of 75 g of glucose load during an oral glucose tolerance test) or impaired fasting glucose more than 100 mg/dl (IFG). Here, INS is linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus.