Bulk RNA-sequencing analyses of podoplanin-positive CD90+ vs. CD55+ cells from two patients exhibited highly similar expression patterns when compared to our ‘in silico’ averaged fibroblast clusters (Figs. 4a and 5b), and genes that were differentially expressed in the population samples showed strong agreement with our original single-cell predictions (Fig. 5c) Therefore, CD90 and CD55 antibodies specifically mark our Fibroblast 1 and Fibroblast 2 populations, indicating two transcriptomically distinct fibroblast subsets in the RA synovium. Here, PDPN is linked to rheumatoid arthritis.