RB1 and neoplasm: Rb1/PPD NPs had a satisfactory curative performance, which may be advantageous for the following reasons: (i) appropriate particle size (approximately 100 nm) to better achieve the EPR effect; (ii) a nano-delivery system may improve PDD dispersibility; and (iii) the sugar-shell of Rb1/PPD NPs could increase the accumulation in the tumor site and decrease the damage to surrounding normal tissues.