Intranasal administration of an NGF variant was recently proven to be highly neuroprotective in an AD mouse model: 5×FAD mice chronically treated with the neurotrophin showed a dramatic reduction of the plaque load, with a clear evidence of the involvement of microglial cells in the clearance of Aβ (Capsoni et al., 2017). The gene discussed is BDNF; the disease is Alzheimer disease.